Bitcoin Wiki - User contributions [en]

https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Mike+Rae Bitcoin Wiki - User contributions [en] 2026-06-01T22:19:15Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.33.0 https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Brainwallet&diff=647 Brainwallet 2019-12-23T16:00:36Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>Brainwallets are like the mnemonic seeds generated by hardware wallets, only the human user generates the words themselves and memorise them without any written record. <br /> <br /> The mnemonic seed/ passphrase is never written down. It is 'stored' in the holder's brain. <br /> <br /> If the holder forgets the passphrase (or becomes incapacitated), the money is likely lost forever - not a very secure storage method.<br /> <br /> Creating randomness in passphrase words is extremely difficult to do by hand, therefore security is again compromised.<br /> <br /> It is possible to use a [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039.mediawiki BIP 39]] passphrase generator to get strong entropy/ randomness and optionally add a salt value to this for additional security, however storing anything in the human brain carries inherent risks. <br /> <br /> Use a brainwallet at your own (high) risk.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Brainwallet&diff=646 Brainwallet 2019-12-23T15:58:52Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>Brainwallets are similar to the mnemonic seeds generated by hardware wallets, only the human user generates the words themselves and memorise them without any written record. <br /> <br /> The mnemonic seed/ passphrase is never written down. It is 'stored' in the holders brain. <br /> <br /> If the holder forgets the passphrase (or becomes incapacitated), the money is likely lost forever - not a very secure storage method.<br /> <br /> Creating randomness in passphrase words is extremely difficult to do by hand, therefore security is again compromised.<br /> <br /> It is possible to use a [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039.mediawiki BIP 39]] passphrase generator to get strong entropy/ randomness and optionally add a salt value to this for additional security, however storing anything in the human brain carries inherent risks. <br /> <br /> Use a brainwallet at your own (high) risk.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=645 Coinbase 2019-12-23T15:28:07Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Coinbase''' is the special name given to the first transaction in every block. These can also be called 'Generation Transactions'. <br /> <br /> The winning miner creates this special transaction as part of the block templating process. <br /> <br /> A coinbase transaction follows the same format as a normal transaction, except:<br /> * It has exactly one txin<br /> * This txin's prevout hash is 0000...0000.<br /> * This txin's prevout index is 0xFFFFFFFF<br /> * The txin's prevout script is an arbitrary byte array which is used by miners to signal identity and pass messages from block winning nodes to the rest of the network<br /> * The sum of the txout's values cannot exceed the total of the current [[Miner subsidy]] plus the mining fees paid by all other transactions included in the block<br /> <br /> A part of the coinbase is also used as an 'extra nonce' during the block discovery process due to a single ASIC miner being able to test more combinations than allowed for in the 2^32 possible combinations that changing the nonce in the block header can create. The extra nonce field is incremented and the merkle root updated to generate a further 2^32 possible block hashes to try.<br /> <br /> The winning miner can pay the coinbase value to multiple outputs as needed, and is also free to include zero value OP_FALSE OP_RETURN outputs in the transaction.<br /> <br /> [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] mandated that the block height value be specified in the first item of the coinbase transaction. This value requires 4 bytes to store.<br /> <br /> Prior to [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size was between 2 and 100 bytes. Since the smallest number of bytes required to store the current Block Height is 1 byte for the length and 3 bytes for the value, a minimum of 4 bytes are required to store the block height. Therefore, post [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size now is between 4 and 100 bytes in length.<br /> <br /> ''Note'': The maximum block height that can be represented in 3 bytes is (2 ^ (3 x 8 bits)) -1) == 16,777,215. At time of writing the block height is 614,372, therefore > 16 million more blocks can be represented with the current structure.<br /> <br /> The block height of the [[Genesis_block]] is <u>zero</u>.<br /> <br /> Upcoming innovations such as [[MinerID]] and the upcoming [[Merchant API]] will use the Coinbase transaction to present information to the network such as node identity, transaction pricing data and more. This data will use standard formats such that user wallets shall be able to read and parse the information, giving them up-to-date knowledge of which nodes are competitive on the network and more.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=644 Coinbase 2019-12-23T15:23:37Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Coinbase''' is the special name given to the first transaction in every block. These can also be called 'Generation Transactions'. <br /> <br /> The winning miner creates this special transaction as part of the block templating process. <br /> <br /> A coinbase transaction follows the same format as a normal transaction, except:<br /> * It has exactly one txin<br /> * This txin's prevout hash is 0000...0000.<br /> * This txin's prevout index is 0xFFFFFFFF<br /> * The txin's prevout script is an arbitrary byte array which is used by miners to signal identity and pass messages from block winning nodes to the rest of the network<br /> * The sum of the txout's values cannot exceed the total of the current [[Miner subsidy]] plus the mining fees paid by all other transactions included in the block<br /> <br /> A part of the coinbase is also used as an 'extra nonce' during the block discovery process due to a single ASIC miner being able to test more combinations than allowed for in the 2^32 possible combinations that changing the nonce in the block header can create. The extra nonce field is incremented and the merkle root updated to generate a further 2^32 possible block hashes to try.<br /> <br /> The winning miner can pay the coinbase value to multiple outputs as needed, and is also free to include zero value OP_FALSE OP_RETURN outputs in the transaction.<br /> <br /> [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] mandated that the block height value be specified in the first item of the coinbase transaction. This value requires 4 bytes to store.<br /> <br /> Prior to [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size was between 2 and 100 bytes. Since the smallest number of bytes required to store the current Block Height is 1 byte for the length and 3 bytes for the value, a minimum of 4 bytes are required to store the block height. Therefore, post [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size now is between 4 and 100 bytes in length.<br /> <br /> ''Note'': The block height of the [[Genesis_block]] is <u>zero</u>.<br /> <br /> Upcoming innovations such as [[MinerID]] and the upcoming [[Merchant API]] will use the Coinbase transaction to present information to the network such as node identity, transaction pricing data and more. This data will use standard formats such that user wallets shall be able to read and parse the information, giving them up-to-date knowledge of which nodes are competitive on the network and more.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=643 Coinbase 2019-12-23T14:55:54Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Coinbase''' is the special name given to the first transaction in every block. These can also be called 'Generation Transactions'. <br /> <br /> The winning miner creates this special transaction as part of the block templating process. <br /> <br /> A coinbase transaction follows the same format as a normal transaction, except:<br /> * It has exactly one txin<br /> * This txin's prevout hash is 0000...0000.<br /> * This txin's prevout index is 0xFFFFFFFF<br /> * The txin's prevout script is an arbitrary byte array which is used by miners to signal identity and pass messages from block winning nodes to the rest of the network<br /> * The sum of the txout's values cannot exceed the total of the current [[Miner subsidy]] plus the mining fees paid by all other transactions included in the block<br /> <br /> A part of the coinbase is also used as an 'extra nonce' during the block discovery process due to a single ASIC miner being able to test more combinations than allowed for in the 2^32 possible combinations that changing the nonce in the block header can create. The extra nonce field is incremented and the merkle root updated to generate a further 2^32 possible block hashes to try.<br /> <br /> The winning miner can pay the coinbase value to multiple outputs as needed, and is also free to include zero value OP_FALSE OP_RETURN outputs in the transaction.<br /> <br /> [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] mandated that the block height value be specified in the first item of the coinbase transaction. This value requires 4 bytes to store.<br /> <br /> Prior to [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size was between 2 and 100 bytes. Since the smallest number of bytes required to specify the current Block Height is 1 byte + 1 byte to store the length value, a minimum of 2 bytes are required to store the block height. Therefore, post [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] the coinbase script size is between 4 and 100 bytes in length.<br /> <br /> Note: The block height of the [[Genesis_block]] is zero.<br /> <br /> Upcoming innovations such as [[MinerID]] and the upcoming [[Merchant API]] will use the Coinbase transaction to present information to the network such as node identity, transaction pricing data and more. This data will use standard formats such that user wallets shall be able to read and parse the information, giving them up-to-date knowledge of which nodes are competitive on the network and more.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=642 Coinbase 2019-12-23T14:46:33Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Coinbase''' is the special name given to the first transaction in every block. These can also be called 'Generation Transactions'. <br /> <br /> The winning miner creates this special transaction as part of the block templating process. <br /> <br /> A coinbase transaction follows the same format as a normal transaction, except:<br /> * It has exactly one txin<br /> * This txin's prevout hash is 0000...0000.<br /> * This txin's prevout index is 0xFFFFFFFF<br /> * The txin's prevout script is an arbitrary byte array which is used by miners to signal identity and pass messages from block winning nodes to the rest of the network<br /> * The sum of the txout's values cannot exceed the total of the current [[Miner subsidy]] plus the mining fees paid by all other transactions included in the block<br /> <br /> A part of the coinbase is also used as an 'extra nonce' during the block discovery process due to a single ASIC miner being able to test more combinations than allowed for in the 2^32 possible combinations that changing the nonce in the block header can create. The extra nonce field is incremented and the merkle root updated to generate a further 2^32 possible block hashes to try.<br /> <br /> The winning miner can pay the coinbase value to multiple outputs as needed, and is also free to include zero value OP_FALSE OP_RETURN outputs in the transaction.<br /> <br /> [[https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0034.mediawiki BIP 0034]] mandated that the block height value be specified in the first item of the coinbase transaction. This value requires 4 bytes to store.<br /> <br /> Note: The block height of the [[Genesis_block]] is zero.<br /> <br /> Upcoming innovations such as [[MinerID]] and the upcoming [[Merchant API]] will use the Coinbase transaction to present information to the network such as node identity, transaction pricing data and more. This data will use standard formats such that user wallets shall be able to read and parse the information, giving them up-to-date knowledge of which nodes are competitive on the network and more.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=623 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T14:14:09Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and Original Bitcoin client. <br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is an amalgamation of Japanese monk Tominaga Nakamoto and Ash Ketchum - the Pokémon trainer. <br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is Ash Ketchum. A more serious reference to Ash/ Satoshi was a cover picture of The Economist which depicted a phoenix rising from the ashes. Bitcoin began rising when the traditional financial system was crumbling and falling.<br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities. In 2016 Craig returned to put Bitcoin back on track and to fulfil his vision.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote><p>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> * [http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=622 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T14:13:40Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and Original Bitcoin client. <br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is an amalgamation of Japanese monk Tominaga Nakamoto and Ash Ketchum - the Pokémon trainer. <br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is Ash Ketchum. A more serious reference to Ash/ Satoshi was a cover picture of The Economist which depicted a phoenix rising from the ashes. Bitcoin began rising when the traditional financial system was crumbling and falling.<br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities. In 2016 Craig returned to put Bitcoin back on track and fulfil his vision.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote><p>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> * [http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=621 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T14:13:07Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and Original Bitcoin client. Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is an amalgamation of Japanese monk Tominaga Nakamoto and Ash Ketchum - the Pokémon trainer. <br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is Ash Ketchum. A more serious reference to Ash/ Satoshi was a cover picture of The Economist which depicted a phoenix rising from the ashes. Bitcoin began rising when the traditional financial system was crumbling and falling.<br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities. In 2016 Craig returned to put Bitcoin back on track and fulfil his vision.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote><p>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> * [http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=620 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T14:10:17Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and Original Bitcoin client. Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is an amalgamation of Japanese monk Tominaga Nakamoto and Ash Ketchum - the Pokémon trainer. <br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is Ash Ketchum. A more serious reference to Ash/ Satoshi was a cover picture of The Economist which depicted a phoenix rising from the ashes. Bitcoin began rising when the traditional financial system was crumbling and falling.<br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities. In 2016 Craig returned to put Bitcoin back on track and fulfil his vision.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=619 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T14:03:42Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and [[Original Bitcoin client]]. To those who know him, Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Satoshi Nakamoto is an amalgamation of Japanese monk Tominaga Nakamoto and Ash Ketchum - the Pokémon trainer. <br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash, in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is Ash Ketchum. A more serious reference to Ash/ Satoshi was a cover picture of The Economist which depicted a phoenix rising from the ashes. Bitcoin began rising when the traditional financial system was crumbling and falling.<br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=617 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T13:33:50Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and [[Original Bitcoin client]]. To those who know him, Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> The word Satoshi is Ash, in Japanese. A light-hearted play on this word is [[https://pokemon.fandom.com/wiki/Ash_Ketchum Ash Ketchum]], the trainer in [[https://www.pokemon.com/uk/ Pokémon]], like the name of the character in from <br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=616 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T13:25:03Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>=Disclaimer=<br /> This article has initially copied from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto - migrated by Brendan Lee, 18th October 2019 and edited my Mick Might in December 2019.<br /> <br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> '''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and [[Original Bitcoin client]]. To those who know him, Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/about/#biography Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=615 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T13:19:04Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>=Disclaimer=<br /> This article has initially copied from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto - migrated by Brendan Lee, 18th October 2019 and edited my Mick Might in December 2019.<br /> <br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> '''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and [[Original Bitcoin client]]. To those who know him, Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/ Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Craig effectively went offline in January 2011, with no public involvement in the Bitcoin project. He spent some years in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. Craig did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious and dreadful criminal activities.<br /> <br /> ==Satoshi's Identity==<br /> Craig registered copyright for the Bitcoin Whitepaper with the US Copyright Office (NOTE I cannot find the actual registration at https://search.copyright.gov/search, despite https://coingeek.com/bitcoin-creator-craig-s-wright-satoshi-nakamoto-granted-us-copyright-registrations-for-bitcoin-white-paper-and-code/ referencing "U.S. copyright registration no. TXu 2-136-996, effective date April 11, 2019, for the paper entitled Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System")<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Like it or not, I am Satoshi.</p><br /> <br /> <p>Governments are good at cutting off the heads of a centrally controlled <br /> networks like Napster, but pure P2P networks like Gnutella and Tor seem to be <br /> holding their own.<ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg09971.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 07 Nov 2008 09:30:36 -0800]</ref></p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==Possible identity==<br /> His identity and nationality are unknown.<br /> <br /> He is entirely unknown outside of Bitcoin as far as anyone can tell, and his (never used) PGP key was created just months prior to the date of the genesis block. He seems to be very familiar with the cryptography mailing list, but there are no non-Bitcoin posts from him on it. He has used an email address from an anonymous mail hosting service (vistomail) as well as one from a free webmail account (gmx.com) and sends mail when connected via Tor. Some have speculated that his entire identity was created in advance in order to protect himself or the network. Perhaps he chose the name Satoshi because it can mean "wisdom" or "reason" and Nakamoto can mean "Central source".<br /> <br /> Ultimately the design of Bitcoin and its use of cryptographic proof and fully open implementation is one that makes its creator, in a sense, irrelevant and only of interest for historical reasons.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org/Satoshi_Nakamoto.asc Satoshi's PGP public key]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=614 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T12:28:28Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>=Disclaimer=<br /> This article has initially copied from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto - migrated by Brendan Lee, 18th October 2019 and edited my Mick Might in December 2019.<br /> <br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> '''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the pseudoname used by the author of the [[https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper Bitcoin Whitepaper]], creator of [[Bitcoin]] and [[Original Bitcoin client]]. To those who know him, Satoshi Nakamoto is better known as [[https://craigwright.net/ Dr Craig Wright]].<br /> <br /> Craig's effectively went offline regarding Bitcoin, in January 2011. He spent time in the private sector and did some humanitarian work. He did not like what Bitcoin had become, how it was being (mis)used for nefarious activities including some of the many horrors in this world.<br /> <br /> ==Possible Motives==<br /> He left some clues about why he is doing this project with the inclusion of the following text in the [[Genesis block]], "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks".<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Yes, [we will not find a solution to political problems in cryptography,] but we can win a major battle in the arms race and gain a new territory of <br /> freedom for several years.</p><br /> <br /> <p>Governments are good at cutting off the heads of a centrally controlled <br /> networks like Napster, but pure P2P networks like Gnutella and Tor seem to be <br /> holding their own.<ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg09971.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 07 Nov 2008 09:30:36 -0800]</ref></p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==Possible identity==<br /> His identity and nationality are unknown.<br /> <br /> He is entirely unknown outside of Bitcoin as far as anyone can tell, and his (never used) PGP key was created just months prior to the date of the genesis block. He seems to be very familiar with the cryptography mailing list, but there are no non-Bitcoin posts from him on it. He has used an email address from an anonymous mail hosting service (vistomail) as well as one from a free webmail account (gmx.com) and sends mail when connected via Tor. Some have speculated that his entire identity was created in advance in order to protect himself or the network. Perhaps he chose the name Satoshi because it can mean "wisdom" or "reason" and Nakamoto can mean "Central source".<br /> <br /> Ultimately the design of Bitcoin and its use of cryptographic proof and fully open implementation is one that makes its creator, in a sense, irrelevant and only of interest for historical reasons.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org/Satoshi_Nakamoto.asc Satoshi's PGP public key]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Satoshi_Nakamoto&diff=613 Satoshi Nakamoto 2019-12-17T11:59:06Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>=Disclaimer=<br /> This article has initially copied from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto - migrated by Brendan Lee, 18th October 2019 and edited my Mick Might in December 2019.<br /> <br /> <br /> :''For the unit, see [[Satoshis]].''<br /> '''Satoshi Nakamoto''' is the founder of [[Bitcoin]] and initial creator of the [[Original Bitcoin client]]. He has said in a P2P foundation profile<ref name="p2p_f_profile">[http://p2pfoundation.ning.com/profile/SatoshiNakamoto Satoshi Nakamoto profile on P2P Foundation]</ref> that he is from Japan. Beyond that, not much else is known about him and his identity. He has been working on the Bitcoin project since 2007.<ref>[https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=13.msg46#msg46 Re: Questions about Bitcoin]</ref><br /> <br /> His involvement in the Bitcoin project had tapered and by late 2010 it has ended. The most recent messages reportedly indicate that Satoshi is "gone for good"<ref>[http://bitcoinstats.com/irc/bitcoin-dev/logs/2011/04/26#l1303826036.0 Transcript of #bitcoin-dev for 2011/04/26]</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Possible Motives==<br /> He left some clues about why he is doing this project with the inclusion of the following text in the [[Genesis block]], "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks".<br /> <br /> Some interesting quotes:<br /> <blockquote><p>Yes, [we will not find a solution to political problems in cryptography,] but we can win a major battle in the arms race and gain a new territory of <br /> freedom for several years.</p><br /> <br /> <p>Governments are good at cutting off the heads of a centrally controlled <br /> networks like Napster, but pure P2P networks like Gnutella and Tor seem to be <br /> holding their own.<ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg09971.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 07 Nov 2008 09:30:36 -0800]</ref></p></blockquote><br /> <br /> <blockquote>It's very attractive to the libertarian viewpoint if we can explain it <br /> properly. I'm better with code than with words though. <ref>[http://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography@metzdowd.com/msg10001.html Re: Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper Fri, 14 Nov 2008 14:29:22]</ref></blockquote><br /> <br /> ==Possible identity==<br /> His identity and nationality are unknown.<br /> <br /> He is entirely unknown outside of Bitcoin as far as anyone can tell, and his (never used) PGP key was created just months prior to the date of the genesis block. He seems to be very familiar with the cryptography mailing list, but there are no non-Bitcoin posts from him on it. He has used an email address from an anonymous mail hosting service (vistomail) as well as one from a free webmail account (gmx.com) and sends mail when connected via Tor. Some have speculated that his entire identity was created in advance in order to protect himself or the network. Perhaps he chose the name Satoshi because it can mean "wisdom" or "reason" and Nakamoto can mean "Central source".<br /> <br /> Ultimately the design of Bitcoin and its use of cryptographic proof and fully open implementation is one that makes its creator, in a sense, irrelevant and only of interest for historical reasons.<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> * [http://bitcointalk.org/Satoshi_Nakamoto.asc Satoshi's PGP public key]<br /> * [http://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System] Paper<br /> * <s>[http://sourceforge.net/users/s_nakamoto SourceForge page]</s> <i>this link is invalid as of [https://timestamps.glencooper.com/ 20190522T0153Z] :-(</i><br /> * [http://nakamotoinstitute.org Satoshi Nakamoto Institute]<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[de:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> [[es:Satoshi Nakamoto]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Individuals]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=352 Genesis block 2019-11-12T10:47:24Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero (very early versions counted it as block 1).<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text: [http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]<br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks</blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking.<br /> <br /> This reference to "second bailout for banks" could suggest that Satoshi was irritated by the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system required the banks to be rescued again.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=351 Genesis block 2019-11-12T10:45:41Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text: [http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]<br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks</blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking.<br /> <br /> This reference to "second bailout for banks" could suggest that Satoshi was irritated by the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system required the banks to be rescued again.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=350 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:40:43Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''' has two more leading hex zeros than were required for an early [[Block]].<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text: [http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]<br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks</blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking.<br /> <br /> This reference to "second bailout for banks" could suggest that Satoshi was irritated by the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system required the banks to be rescued again.<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'', though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<br /> <br /> http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent<br /> <br /> https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/<br /> <br /> https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code.<br /> <br /> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=349 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:38:57Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''' has two more leading hex zeros than were required for an early [[Block]].<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text: [http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]<br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks</blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking.<br /> <br /> This reference to "second bailout for banks" could suggest that Satoshi was irritated by the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system required the banks to be rescued again.<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'', though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=348 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:35:32Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''' has two more leading hex zeros than were required for an early [[Block]].<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]<br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=347 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:31:02Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=346 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:30:24Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! <br /> <br /> Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction [[Coinbase]].<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=345 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:17:36Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction LINK….<br /> <br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=344 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:17:21Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction LINK….<br /> <br /> {<br /> {<br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> }<br /> }<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=343 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:12:46Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction LINK….<br /> <br /> ```{<br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> }```<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=342 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:11:32Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction LINK….<br /> <br /> \{<br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> \}<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=341 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:11:13Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. <br /> <br /> To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> <br /> The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.<br /> <br /> It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first! Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.<br /> <br /> The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the Coinbase transaction LINK….<br /> <br /> {<br /> "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "confirmations": 608366,<br /> "size": 285,<br /> "height": 0,<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "versionHex": "00000001",<br /> "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "txcount": 1,<br /> "tx": [<br /> "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"<br /> ],<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "mediantime": 1231006505,<br /> "nonce": 2083236893,<br /> "bits": "1d00ffff",<br /> "difficulty": 1,<br /> "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",<br /> "previousblockhash": "",<br /> "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",<br /> "coinbaseTx": {<br /> "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",<br /> "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",<br /> "version": 1,<br /> "size": 204,<br /> "locktime": 0,<br /> "vin": [<br /> {<br /> "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",<br /> "txid": "",<br /> "vout": 0,<br /> "scriptSig": {<br /> "asm": "",<br /> "hex": ""<br /> },<br /> "sequence": 4294967295<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "vout": [<br /> {<br /> "value": 50,<br /> "n": 0,<br /> "scriptPubKey": {<br /> "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",<br /> "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",<br /> "reqSigs": 1,<br /> "type": "pubkey",<br /> "addresses": [<br /> "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"<br /> ],<br /> "opReturn": null<br /> }<br /> }<br /> ],<br /> "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",<br /> "time": 1231006505,<br /> "blocktime": 1231006505<br /> },<br /> "totalFees": "0",<br /> "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",<br /> "pages": null,<br /> "txCount": 1<br /> }<br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Genesis_block&diff=340 Genesis block 2019-11-12T09:10:15Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero ().<br /> <br /> The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp <br /> <br /> == Main network genesis block ==<br /> Here is a representation of the genesis block<ref name="block">{{cite block|hash=000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f|0|year=2009|month=01|day=03}}</ref> as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.<br /> <br /> GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f<br /> hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b<br /> txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854<br /> txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000<br /> txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG<br /> block.nVersion = 1<br /> block.nTime = 1231006505<br /> block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff<br /> block.nNonce = 2083236893<br /> <br /> CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)<br /> CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)<br /> CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)<br /> CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)<br /> vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e<br /> ===Hash===<br /> The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''',<ref name="block"/> has two more leading hex zeroes than were required for an early block.<br /> <br /> ===Coinbase===<br /> [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]<br /> The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)]</ref><br /> <br /> <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote><br /> <br /> This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref><br /> <br /> <br /> This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .<br /> <br /> ===Block reward===<br /> The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.<br /> <br /> ===Timestamp===<br /> Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network.<br /> <br /> ===Raw block data===<br /> <br /> The [https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=52706 raw hex version] of the Genesis block looks like:<br /> 00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,><br /> 00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÃˆŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª<br /> 00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|<br /> 00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................<br /> 00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..<br /> 00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/<br /> 00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel<br /> 000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of <br /> 000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f<br /> 000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.<br /> 000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'<br /> 000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦<br /> 000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä<br /> 00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W<br /> 00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....<br /> <br /> Broken down it looks like this:<br /> <br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block<br /> 3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root<br /> 29AB5F49 - timestamp<br /> FFFF001D - bits<br /> 1DAC2B7C - nonce<br /> 01 - number of transactions<br /> 01000000 - version<br /> 01 - input<br /> 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output<br /> 4D - script length<br /> 04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig<br /> FFFFFFFF - sequence<br /> 01 - outputs<br /> 00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC<br /> 43 - pk_script length<br /> 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script<br /> 00000000 - lock time<br /> ==References==<br /> <references/><br /> <br /> [[zh-cn:创世block]]<br /> [[es:Bloque Génesis]]<br /> __NOTOC__<br /> <br /> [[Category:Technical]]</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=339 Coinbase 2019-11-05T14:19:35Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>'''coinbase''' is the special name given to the first transaction in every block. The winning miner creates this special transaction once they solve the current block puzzle. <br /> <br /> The Coinbase transaction contains the block reward + the total of all transaction fees combined. The payee of this transaction is the winning miner.<br /> <br /> The content of the 'input' of a generation [[Bitcoin_Transactions|transaction]]. While regular transactions use the 'inputs' section to refer to their parent transaction outputs, a generation transaction has no parent, and creates new coins from nothing. <br /> <br /> The coinbase can contain any arbitrary data. The [[genesis block]] famously contains the dated title of an FT article:<br /> The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<br /> <br /> <br /> ------<br /> Note: Coinbase is not to be confused with the US-based trading exchange.</div>

Mike Rae https://wiki.bitcoinsv.io/index.php?title=Coinbase&diff=308 Coinbase 2019-10-24T08:08:59Z

<p>Mike Rae: </p> <hr /> <div>The '''coinbase''' is the content of the 'input' of a generation [[Bitcoin_Transactions|transaction]]. While regular transactions use the 'inputs' section to refer to their parent transaction outputs, a generation transaction has no parent, and creates new coins from nothing. <br /> <br /> The coinbase can contain any arbitrary data. The [[genesis block]] famously contains the dated title of an FT article:<br /> The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<br /> <br /> <br /> ------<br /> Note: Coinbase is not to be confused with the US-based trading exchange.</div>

Mike Rae