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| − | The Genesis Block is the first block in the Bitcoin blockchain. It’s Block Height is zero (). | + | The Genesis block is the first block in the Bitcoin [[Blockchain]] and can be found at block height zero. The hash of the Genesis block is '''[https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f 000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f]''' |
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| − | The '''Genesis Block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node software and cannot be deleted. To check this, see the '''ChainParams''' class on the BitcoinSV github - https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp | + | The '''Genesis block''' is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node client software and [https://github.com/bitcoin-sv/bitcoin-sv/blob/master/src/chainparams.cpp cannot be deleted] |
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| − | The hash of the Genesis block is '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f'''. | + | The Genesis block has a timestamp of January 3rd 2009, 18:15:05h UTC. |
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| − | To check this, put the hash value into a block explorer, such as '''WhatsOnChain.com''' i.e. https://whatsonchain.com/block/000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f
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| − | The block explorer will show that the Genesis block was mined on March 1st 2009 at 18:15:05h UTC.
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| − | It also shows the hash of the Next Block. Blocks at a greater height/ later than the Genesis Block also have a hash of the Previous Block shown as well. Clearly there is no previous block to Genesis, since it was first!
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| − | Using this information, it is possible to click through all blocks to date (and back again if you so choose) since they are all linked in a chain.
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| − | The following code snippet shows a JSON representation of the Genesis Block. It consisted of 1 transaction - the [[Coinbase]] transaction.
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| − | "hash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",
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| − | "confirmations": 608366,
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| − | "size": 285,
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| − | "height": 0,
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| − | "version": 1,
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| − | "versionHex": "00000001",
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| − | "merkleroot": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",
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| − | "txcount": 1,
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| − | "tx": [
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| − | "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"
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| − | ],
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| − | "time": 1231006505,
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| − | "mediantime": 1231006505,
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| − | "nonce": 2083236893,
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| − | "bits": "1d00ffff",
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| − | "difficulty": 1,
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| − | "chainwork": "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000100010001",
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| − | "previousblockhash": "",
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| − | "nextblockhash": "00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",
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| − | "coinbaseTx": {
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| − | "hex": "01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000",
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| − | "txid": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",
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| − | "hash": "4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b",
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| − | "version": 1,
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| − | "size": 204,
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| − | "locktime": 0,
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| − | "vin": [
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| − | {
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| − | "coinbase": "04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73",
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| − | "txid": "",
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| − | "vout": 0,
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| − | "scriptSig": {
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| − | "asm": "",
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| − | "hex": ""
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| − | },
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| − | "sequence": 4294967295
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| − | }
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| − | ],
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| − | "vout": [
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| − | {
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| − | "value": 50,
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| − | "n": 0,
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| − | "scriptPubKey": {
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| − | "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",
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| − | "hex": "4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac",
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| − | "reqSigs": 1,
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| − | "type": "pubkey",
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| − | "addresses": [
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| − | "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"
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| − | ],
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| − | "opReturn": null
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| − | }
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| − | }
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| − | ],
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| − | "blockhash": "000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f",
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| − | "time": 1231006505,
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| − | "blocktime": 1231006505
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| − | },
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| − | "totalFees": "0",
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| − | "miner": "\u0004ÿÿ\u0000\u001d\u0001\u0004EThe Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks",
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| − | "pages": null,
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| − | "txCount": 1
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| − | == Main network genesis block ==
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| − | Here is a representation of the genesis block as it appeared in a comment in an old version of Bitcoin ([http://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/133/tree/trunk/main.cpp#l1613 line 1613]). The first section defines exactly all of the variables necessary to recreate the block. The second section is the block in standard printblock format, which contains shortened versions of the data in the first section.
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| − | GetHash() = 0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f
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| − | hashMerkleRoot = 0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b
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| − | txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = 486604799 4 0x736B6E616220726F662074756F6C69616220646E6F63657320666F206B6E697262206E6F20726F6C6C65636E61684320393030322F6E614A2F33302073656D695420656854
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| − | txNew.vout[0].nValue = 5000000000
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| − | txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = 0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0BBAF74D385CDE12C11EE50455F3C438EF4C3FBCF649B6DE611FEAE06279A60939E028A8D65C10B73071A6F16719274855FEB0FD8A6704 OP_CHECKSIG
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| − | block.nVersion = 1
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| − | block.nTime = 1231006505
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| − | block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff
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| − | block.nNonce = 2083236893
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| − |
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| − | CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)
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| − | CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)
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| − | CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)
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| − | CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)
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| − | vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e
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| − | ===Hash===
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| − | The hash of the genesis block, '''000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f''' has two more leading hex zeros than were required for an early [[Block]].
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| | ===Coinbase=== | | ===Coinbase=== |
| − | [[File:jonny1000thetimes.png|thumb|256px|The Times 03/Jan/2009]]
| + | The [[coinbase]] parameter contains, along with the normal data, the following text: |
| − | The [[coinbase]] parameter (seen above in hex) contains, along with the normal data, the following text:[http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 Reuters' reference on The Financial Times article (archive.org cached copy)] | |
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| − | <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks<ref name="block"/></blockquote> | + | <blockquote>The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks</blockquote> |
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| − | This was probably intended as proof that the block was created on or after January 3, 2009, as well as a comment on the instability caused by fractional-reserve banking. Additionally, it suggests that [[Satoshi Nakamoto]] may have lived in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|author=Davis, J.|year=2011|title=The Crypto-Currency|publisher=''The New Yorker''|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2011/10/10/the-crypto-currency}}</ref>
| + | The quote is from the following article from [http://web.archive.org/web/20140309004338/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2009/01/03/idUKPTIP32510920090103 The Financial Times] (archive.org cached copy) |
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| − | | + | The article concerns the intervention of The State in banking during times of crisis and the devaluation of centrally issued currencies in times of bailout as an incentive for bad actors. [[Satoshi Nakamoto|Dr Craig Wright]] discusses this topic in [https://medium.com/@adam_selene/genesis-c5b4edff6b9c this article] written under the pseudonym 'Adam Selene'. |
| − | This detail, "second bailout for banks" could also suggest that the fact a supposedly liberal and capitalist system, rescuing banks like that, was a problem for satoshi . . . the choosen topic could have a meaning about bitcoin s purpose . . .
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| − | ===Block reward===
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| − | The first 50 BTC block reward went to [[address]] ''1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa'',<ref name="block"/> though this reward can't be spent due to a quirk in the way that the genesis block is expressed in the code. It is not known if this was done intentionally or accidentally.<ref>http://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/10009/why-can-t-the-genesis-block-coinbase-be-spent</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/Bitcoin/comments/1nc13r/the_first_50btc_block_reward_cant_be_spend_why/</ref><ref>https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/9546a977d354b2ec6cd8455538e68fe4ba343a44/src/main.cpp#L1668 - Genesis block transaction treated as a special case in the reference code</ref> It is believed that other outputs sent to this address are spendable, but it is unknown if Satoshi Nakamoto has the private key for this particular address, if one existed at all.
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| | ===Timestamp=== | | ===Timestamp=== |
| − | Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the genesis block. One interpretation is that Satoshi was working on bitcoin for some time beforehand and the ''The Times'' front page prompted him to release it to the public. He then mined the genesis block with a timestamp in the past to match the headline. It is also possible that, since the block's hash is so low, he may have spent 6 days mining it with the same timestamp before proceeding to block 1. The [[prenet hypothesis]] suggests that the genesis block was solved on January 3, but the software was tested by Satoshi Nakamoto using that genesis block until January 9, when all the test blocks were deleted and the genesis block was reused for the main network. | + | Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the Genesis block. Dr Craig Wright has indicated that the delay occurred because a scheduled patch for Windows was released by Microsoft which caused all of his computers to shut down at once, and it required several days before he was able to get it back up and running. |
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| | ===Raw block data=== | | ===Raw block data=== |
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| | 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script | | 4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script |
| | 00000000 - lock time | | 00000000 - lock time |
| − | ==References==
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| − | <references/>
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| − |
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| − | [[zh-cn:创世block]]
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| − | [[es:Bloque Génesis]]
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| − | __NOTOC__
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| − | [[Category:Technical]] | + | ==Attribution== |
| | + | This content is based on content sourced from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Genesis_block under [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 3.0]. Although it may have been extensively revised and updated, we acknowledge the original authors. |
The Genesis block is the first block in the Bitcoin Blockchain and can be found at block height zero. The hash of the Genesis block is 000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f
The Genesis block is the common ancestor of all other blocks. It is hard wired into the Bitcoin node client software and cannot be deleted
The Genesis block has a timestamp of January 3rd 2009, 18:15:05h UTC.
Coinbase
The coinbase parameter contains, along with the normal data, the following text:
The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks
The quote is from the following article from The Financial Times (archive.org cached copy)
The article concerns the intervention of The State in banking during times of crisis and the devaluation of centrally issued currencies in times of bailout as an incentive for bad actors. Dr Craig Wright discusses this topic in this article written under the pseudonym 'Adam Selene'.
Timestamp
Although the average time between Bitcoin blocks is 10 minutes, the timestamp of the next block is a full 6 days after the Genesis block. Dr Craig Wright has indicated that the delay occurred because a scheduled patch for Windows was released by Microsoft which caused all of his computers to shut down at once, and it required several days before he was able to get it back up and running.
Raw block data
The raw hex version of the Genesis block looks like:
00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000010 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000020 00 00 00 00 3B A3 ED FD 7A 7B 12 B2 7A C7 2C 3E ....;£íýz{.²zÇ,>
00000030 67 76 8F 61 7F C8 1B C3 88 8A 51 32 3A 9F B8 AA gv.a.È.ÈŠQ2:Ÿ¸ª
00000040 4B 1E 5E 4A 29 AB 5F 49 FF FF 00 1D 1D AC 2B 7C K.^J)«_Iÿÿ...¬+|
00000050 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000060 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
00000070 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF FF FF 4D 04 FF FF 00 1D ......ÿÿÿÿM.ÿÿ..
00000080 01 04 45 54 68 65 20 54 69 6D 65 73 20 30 33 2F ..EThe Times 03/
00000090 4A 61 6E 2F 32 30 30 39 20 43 68 61 6E 63 65 6C Jan/2009 Chancel
000000A0 6C 6F 72 20 6F 6E 20 62 72 69 6E 6B 20 6F 66 20 lor on brink of
000000B0 73 65 63 6F 6E 64 20 62 61 69 6C 6F 75 74 20 66 second bailout f
000000C0 6F 72 20 62 61 6E 6B 73 FF FF FF FF 01 00 F2 05 or banksÿÿÿÿ..ò.
000000D0 2A 01 00 00 00 43 41 04 67 8A FD B0 FE 55 48 27 *....CA.gŠý°þUH'
000000E0 19 67 F1 A6 71 30 B7 10 5C D6 A8 28 E0 39 09 A6 .gñ¦q0·.\Ö¨(à9.¦
000000F0 79 62 E0 EA 1F 61 DE B6 49 F6 BC 3F 4C EF 38 C4 ybàê.aÞ¶Iö¼?Lï8Ä
00000100 F3 55 04 E5 1E C1 12 DE 5C 38 4D F7 BA 0B 8D 57 óU.å.Á.Þ\8M÷º..W
00000110 8A 4C 70 2B 6B F1 1D 5F AC 00 00 00 00 ŠLp+kñ._¬....
Broken down it looks like this:
01000000 - version
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 - prev block
3BA3EDFD7A7B12B27AC72C3E67768F617FC81BC3888A51323A9FB8AA4B1E5E4A - merkle root
29AB5F49 - timestamp
FFFF001D - bits
1DAC2B7C - nonce
01 - number of transactions
01000000 - version
01 - input
0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FFFFFFFF - prev output
4D - script length
04FFFF001D0104455468652054696D65732030332F4A616E2F32303039204368616E63656C6C6F72206F6E206272696E6B206F66207365636F6E64206261696C6F757420666F722062616E6B73 - scriptsig
FFFFFFFF - sequence
01 - outputs
00F2052A01000000 - 50 BTC
43 - pk_script length
4104678AFDB0FE5548271967F1A67130B7105CD6A828E03909A67962E0EA1F61DEB649F6BC3F4CEF38C4F35504E51EC112DE5C384DF7BA0B8D578A4C702B6BF11D5FAC - pk_script
00000000 - lock time
Attribution
This content is based on content sourced from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Genesis_block under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0. Although it may have been extensively revised and updated, we acknowledge the original authors.